![]() This development loosened Philip’s already uncertain grasp on the English throne. In late 1558, Mary’s thoroughly Protestant and shrewd half-sister, Princess Elizabeth, succeeded to the throne and ruled as Elizabeth I. He promoted the interests of Catholicism beyond Spain’s borders by bringing colonies in the New World into the Catholic fold. A self-proclaimed champion of Roman Catholicism, he was relentless in his attempts to defend his faith against the Muslims of the Ottoman Empire and the Protestants of Europe. He also ruled Portugal as Philip I from 1580-98. Philip II, also known as Philip the Prudent, was the king of Spain from 1556-98. Spain, led by Philip II, supported attempts to make England Catholic, and England, on the other hand, sympathized with the people of the Netherlands as some of them wanted to be Protestants. One of these kingdoms was England.īy the 1580s, the two powers had become enemies. That, however, did not stop other kingdoms from wanting their share of the newly discovered world. In hopes of protecting its interests, Spain created a powerful naval presence in the Atlantic Ocean, along with numerous merchant ships that carried gold and other items from America to Europe. The nation had captured the entire southern and central parts of the American continent and dreaded the idea of sharing these territories with other European countries, specifically the English and the Dutch. the American Continent), the Roman Catholic empire was renowned for its vast wealth and formidable presence. With a rich history of colonial domination of the New world (i.e. The Spanish Kingdom largely controlled Europe both militarily and politically. It all began in the middle of the 15th century when the long periods of political and religious differences between Protestant England and Catholic Spain reached its climax. This culminated in the rise and influence of the Royal Navy of England, both regionally and globally. The events of the Spanish Armada not only destroyed Spain’s ambition of invading England but drastically changed the balance of power. Of the 130 or so ships that sailed from Lisbon in May 1588, only about 65 successfully made their way back to Spain. The Spanish fleet fled the English coast into the North Sea, where the Spanish ships suffered further damage as they Atlantic storms smashed them against the rocky coast lines of Scotland and Ireland. However, there was a plot twist, and soon enough, the hunters became the hunted. ![]() Known in Spanish as La Armada Grande, the Spanish Armada was believed to be the largest ever naval invasion fleet summoned by King Philip II of Spain. In the summer of 1588, the Spanish Armada approached the English coast with one primary intent: Deposing the Protestant Queen Elizabeth I in order to restore Catholic rule over England. Image: Defeat of the Spanish Armada, Aug– painted by French-born British painter Philip James de Loutherbourg (1796) Spanish Armada: History, Naval Battle, & Other Notable Facts.
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